Organic Waste

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Introduction:

Organic wastes are materials originating from living sources like plants, animals, and microorganisms that are biodegradable and can be broken down into simpler organic molecules.

• Organic wastes produced in nature by various means can exist either in a solid-state or liquid state.
• Solid organic waste is primarily understood as organic-biodegradable waste, and it contains about 80-85% moisture content.
• The most common sources of organic wastes include agriculture, household activities, and industrial products.
• Green waste like food wastes, food-soiled paper, non-hazardous wood waste, landscape waste, and pruning wastes are some of the examples of biodegradable or organic wastes.
• Even though most of the organic wastes in the soil add up nutrients and minerals for soil fertility and plant growth, inappropriate disposal practices might cause severe damage to the environment.
• Recently, however, the concept of organic waste management and recycling has been introduced and implemented.

Methods:

1. Animal feed

• One of the most common and efficient ways of recycling organic waste is by giving agricultural and food waste to cattle and other animals as food.
• Feeding organic waste to animals is a simple and easy method of waste recycling.
• People can contact some farmers and donate their kitchen wastes so that the animals can take them up.

2. Composting

• Composting is the process of decomposition of organic material where the organic material is acted on by soil organisms resulting in the recycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other soil nutrients into humus-rich components.
• Composting is an aerobic process that takes place under correct conditions of moisture and biological heat production.

3. Anaerobic digestion

• Due to the negative impacts of landfilling and incineration, anaerobic digestion has been proposed due to the cost-effective technology for renewable energy production and treatment of high moisture and energy-rich material.

Barriers and Challenges of organic waste recycling:

Even though organic waste recycling is a novice and important method of waste recycling, there are some challenges that limit the use of recycling methods. Some of the most prominent barriers or challenges of organic waste recycling are:

1. Long term application of compost-recycled waste on soil may cause an accumulation of heavy metals, from where they might transfer to different trophic levels of the food chain.
2. Some selected groups of persistent organic pollutants like chlorinated dioxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and organochlorine pesticides are accumulated in solids during the treatment process. These compounds might have harmful effects on lower organisms or in some cases, even on humans and wildlife.
3. The use of bio-fertilizers produced via processes like composting and vermicomposting results in significant input of toxic metals like cadmium and lead, which might have a direct impact on the health of human beings and animals.
4. Recycling process like composting generates odors which might cause air pollution or discomfort.
5. Microbial degradation of organic waste might result in the formation of airborne microorganisms or bioaerosols, which may pose potential risks like respiratory disorders on the plant workers and adjacent residents.

Thanks and regards

Chris Brown

Associate Managing Editor

Email: wastemanag@scholarlypub.com

Twitter: @advancerecycle